Vocabulary

**Nucleus** – A cell structure that contains nucleic acids, the chemical instructions that direct all the cell’s activities. **Chromosome** – A double rod of condensed chromatin; contains DNA that carries genetic information. **DNA –** Deoxyribonucleic acid; the genetic material that carries information about an orgasm and is passed from parent of offspring. **Nucleic acids –** Very large organic molecule made of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and phosphorus, that contains the instructions cells need to carry out all the functions of life. **Thymine, Cytosine and Guanine –** Three of the five main nitrogenous bases used storing and transporting genetic information within a cell. Adenine always pairs with Thymine. Guanine always pairs with cytosine. A chromatid is like a twin; you can only use the term when there are two of them! **RNA**- Important role for producing protein, found in the cytoplasm as well as the nucleus. **DNA Replication**- Ensures that each daughter cell will have the genetic information carry out its activities. **Gene**- Controls the production of proteins in an organism’s cells. **Double Helix**- A pair of parallel helices intertwined of a common axis.
 * __ Vocabulary For DNA __**
 * Backbone: **The series of vertebrae extending from the skull to the pelvis; the spine.
 * Hydrogen Bond: **A hydrogen bond results from a dipole-dipole force between an electronegative atom and a hydrogen atom bonded to nitrogen, oxygen or fluorine
 * Adenine: **It is one of the nitrogenous bases found in DNA and RNA to make up genetic information plus it is use to form ATP, which is basically the energy our bodies use to in order to perform pretty much every bodily function.
 * Cell Division: **The process by which a cell divides to form two daughter cells. Upon completion of the process, each daughter cell contains the same genetic material as the original cell and roughly half of its cytoplasm.
 * Trait:** Your physical and mental characteristics.
 * Chromatid: **A chromatid is one half of a chromosome at a stage of the cell cycle when the chromosome contains two molecules of DNA.
 * Nucleus:** A cell structure that contains nucleic acids, the chemical instructions that directs all the cell's activities.

RNA DNA replication gene double helix twisted ladder nitrogen bases base pairs backbone hydrogen bond adenine cell division trait

**__ Vocabulary For Cell Cycle, Mitosis and Meiosis __**
 * Nitrogen Bases **- [[image:Screen_shot_2011-12-05_at_9.21.24_PM.png width="353" height="204"]]
 * Twisted Ladder ** - [[image:Screen_shot_2011-11-30_at_11.59.02_AM.png width="270" height="328"]]
 * Chromatid Nucleus **

**DNA:** Deoxyribonucleic acid; the genetic material that carries information about an orgasm and is passed from parent of offspring. http://www.biol.unt.edu/~jajohnson/images/dna_500.jpg **Cell Division:** When a cell divides to form new cells. 2. Dividing Cells 2011.docx pg 2 **Mitosis:** The process by which a cell makes a copy of the DNA in its nucleus. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Major_events_in_mitosis.svg/350px-Major_events_in_mitosis.svg.png **Identical:** Identical is when the cell divides the genes are same from their parents. http://www.raising-twins.com/images/my-identical-twin-boys-at-one-month-old-21257621.jpg **Replication:** The process by which a cell makes a copy of the DNA in its nucleus. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/DNA_replication_split.svg/297px-DNA_replication_split.svg.png **Variation:** Any difference between individuals of the same species http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-JeqkZxrR65I/TZWu7Pyj6DI/AAAAAAAAB5Y/wRFkdpqHJiM/s1600/genetic-drift-1.gif **Chromosome:** A double rod of condensed chromatin; contains DNA that carries genetic information. http://www.mqworks.com/shop/chromosome.jpg
 * Sex cells:** sperm and eggs


 * Cell cycle:** a regular process a of growth and division that a cell goes through


 * Cells produced:** Cytokinesis (Final stage)- when cytokinesis is complete, two daughter cells would have been formed.


 * Centromere:** The structure that holds the two chromatids together to form a chromosome.


 * DNA Replication:** The process in which a cell copies the exact DNA in the nucleus.


 * Asexual Reproduction:** Reproduce single


 * Sexual Reproduction:** Reproduce two (male & female)


 * Growth + Repair:** Growing and developing. When something hurts it fixes it.